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St Andrew's Cathedral School Library

Literature Circles
by Elizabeth Greef, Yvonne Jenkins & Anthea Comer

Educational Outcomes of Literature Circles
Features of Literature Circles
Organisation of Secondary Literature Circles
Organisation of Primary Literature Circles
Use of Post-it Notes
Literature Circles Book List
Quotes about Literature
Educational Outcomes of Literature Circles
Students will:

    Recognise that literature can provide enjoyment and stimulation

*     Develop critical literacy through engaging with texts, reflecting on them and expressing their personal responses with reference to the text

    Hone their reading skills through practice and immersion and a holistic reading, writing, speaking, listening approach

*     Develop respect for the opinions and perspectives of others

*     Engage in cooperative learning

*     Develop communication skills through sharing their views in substantive conversation

*     Employ higher order thinking skills to interpret and evaluate the text (Greef)

*     Reflect on moral and philosophical issues arising from the text    (This outcome adapted from Chapman, n.d.)


Features of Literature Circles

*     An intensive reading program

*    Encourages the habit of daily reading for enjoyment

*     The aim is enjoyment above all

*     Use of strong well-written stories, carefully selected by the teacher librarian

*    Students have a choice from selected texts

*     Students form groups with others who have chosen the same book

*     Cycle through these phases: 1. Silent reading; 2. Discussion groups (two groups per period with the T/L; 3. Writing responses (all students)

*     English teacher models silent reading with body of students

One discussion group at a time with the T/L as facilitator

Organisation of Secondary Literature Circles

Teacher librarian

preparation

*     Negotiation with classroom English teacher & booking of classes; after first session the format is flexible & responsive

*     Careful selection of texts

*     Production of choice sheets with graphics, blurbs and extracts

Week 1

Period 1

*     A brisk pace is needed for the first class

*     Choice sheets, bookmark, & post-it notes are on the tables before each student

*     Teacher librarian takes control of class – brief introduction to Literature Circles, what will happen, emphasizing enjoyment, choice, silent reading, discussion, writing and what students need to bring to each lesson

*     The teacher librarian introduces each book enthusiastically

*     Students look at the books on the list while the teacher librarian sorts sheets into piles

*     The teacher librarian allocates books to students

*     Students borrow and form a group with others reading the same book

*     Any time left is for silent reading

*     5 minutes before the end of the class, students negotiate with others in their group where they will read to and record this in their homework diaries.

Week 1

Period 2

*     During classes there will often silent reading in the library (to develop the habit and reinforce the expectation)

*     The teacher librarian can hold a discussion group out in the library if students in a group have read more than 1/3 of their book

*     The English teacher models silent reading with the class

Week 1

Period 3

*     At the start of the lesson check if any students have finished reading their book. These students choose a new one from the list and borrow.

*     Journal writing – for 15+ minutes: personal response and reference to the text is most valued; students can use post-it notes and hints on the bookmark for ideas about what to write and can illustrate their responses too

*     Discussion group/s facilitated by the teacher librarian

Week 1

Period 4

*     Two discussion groups one after another with teacher librarian

*     The rest read quietly with the classroom teacher in the library

Week 2

Period 5

*     Journal writing

*     Discussion groups

*     Silent reading

Week 2

Period 6

*     Discussion groups

*     Silent reading

Week 2

Period 7

*     Journal writing – 15+ minutes

*     Students fill out evaluation sheets (sometimes)

*     Presentation of Middle School reading list

*     Free choice of borrowing

*     Silent reading if any time is left

*     Thank the class and stress your enjoyment of the time (if true)

 
Organisation of Primary Literature Circles

Teacher librarian preparation

T/L selects about 15 titles from the Literature Circles Library

Each title is numbered with a post-it note 1-15

A class list is prepared with the titles and numbers recorded on it

Each student in the target class is individually interviewed for about 2 minutes out of class to determine books already read, books not read and choices 1-4 in order of preference noted on the class list

Based on this information 4-5 initial reading groups are drawn up based on the students’ book preferences and consideration of other factors (social, linguistic, intellectual) after consultation with the classroom teacher.

Year 6 groups run for 3 weeks with 2 sessions per week; Year 4 & 5 for 2 weeks.

The classroom teacher is given a printed copy of the form literature circles will take as a matter of professional courtesy but also to encourage the roles of T/L and C/T as model and facilitator and to reinforce its student-centred thrust.

The shortlisting and final selection of the books is a crucial factor in the success of the primary Literature Circles program

Session 1

The room is prepared ahead. Each reading group’s area is marked with an indicator, a colour photocopy of the front cover of each book on a coloured card.

The T/L briefly explains how the program works; new students take a letter home.

The books are allocated to the students as pre-arranged and they borrow them.

Each book has post-it notes, the bright bookmark with guidelines about using post-it notes & another bookmark to record where the group agrees to read to by the next session.

Each person needs to come with at least one post-it note marking a spot by next time.

The guidelines are carefully explained to the students.

After a period of quiet reading students discuss where they will read to by next session.

As reading journals, each student covers a halved exercise book (~A5) with a bright A3 sheet cut lengthwise decorated with tiny photocopies of the selected books.

Session 2

Students indicate the position of their bookmarks and the evidence of a post-it note.

T/L suggests ways to make the Discussion Time exciting and uses flashcards to indicate good discussion tools – Read - Post-it notes – Ideas – Share – Listen - Take turns - Keep on task - Ask questions. Each person takes a turn to lead the discussion with one post-it note.

T/L and C/T float between groups joining in with their post-it notes when appropriate.

Writing Time – students reflect on their reading in their Reading Journals.

Reading Time – this concludes with students deciding where to read to next time.

The day before Literature Circles the T/L reminds students to be prepared.

Sessions

3, 4 & 5

Built on three-part framework of Session 2 – Discussion, Writing and Reading Times.

Reading Journals are returned to students with awards and symbols attached – eg a complete response of a student’s idea supported by an example from the story earns a red star, and if the idea is developed in an appropriate way a smiley face is also awarded. Also a silver star is awarded to the most enthusiastic or thoughtful response and this is published in the school newsletter and is also read out to the class by the T/L.

Final session

Instead of Discussion Time students are asked to complete a Student Evaluation Sheet. When they have finished their Writing Time the students move into the library for their Reading Time and can browse over a prepared display of novels. They can renew their Literature Circles book and borrow another novel and spend the rest of the time reading.

A reading list is given to each child at the conclusion of the program with ideas for further reading and the T/L also produces her tin of treats.

(Adapted from Anthea Comer’s article)
Use of Post-it Notes

It is useful for students to mark points of the story they find are significant. This helps their attentive reading of the text, their reflection on it and prompts their thoughts in both discussions and written responses. The following questions are given to the students on a brightly coloured bookmark to give them ideas about what they might like to make a note of.

Post-it Notes Guidelines and Bookmark for Discussion Group Activities
  • the part you liked best
  • what you felt was funny / sad / worrying / irritating / boring / inspiring
  • what you thought was interesting
  • words or images you liked
  • when you thought you could guess what was going to happen next
  • when you were impatient to find out what happened next
  • bits you couldn’t make sense of or words you couldn’t understand
  • when you would have done or said the same thing if you’d been there
  • when you learnt something new and interesting
  • when a question suddenly popped into your head
(developed by Yvonne Jenkins and Anthea Comer)
Literature Circles Book List - St Andrew's Cathedral School

YEAR 7

(13 year olds)

YEAR 9

(15 year olds)

Alex Rider series (Stormbreaker, Point Blanc, etc)  - Anthony Horowitz

Ice Station - Matthew Reilly
Temple - Matthew Reilly

Holes – Louis Sachar

Ender's game - Orson Scott Card

Redwall series- Brian Jacques *

Dogs - Bill Condon

Artemis Fowl titles – Eoin Colfer

Alex Jackson: Closing out - Pat Flynn

Remote Man - Elizabeth Honey *

Lord of the flies - William Golding

Hatchet - Gary Paulsen

Go ask Alice *

Lockie Leonard Scumbuster - Tim Winton

Animal farm - George Orwell *

Pagan series – (Pagan’s crusade, etc)
Catherine Jinks *

Hitchhiker's guide to the galaxy - Douglas Adams *

Harry Potter series - J.K. Rowling

The War series - John Marsden

Thunderfish – Simon Higgins

Airframe - Michael Crichton *

Ghost byte - John Larkin

Prey - Michael Crichton *

Merryl of the Stones - Brian Caswell

Heart of the Amazon - Yossi Ghinsberg

Northern lights - Philip Pullman *

Lord of the Rings - J.R.R. Tolkien  *

Specky Magee – Felice Arena & G. Lyon

Black Hawk Down - Mark Bowden *

Deltora Quest series - Emily Rodda

Z for Zachariah - Robert O'Brien

 

 

YEAR 8

(14 year olds)

PRIMARY

(8-12 year olds)

Artemis Fowl titles - Eoin Colfer

Merryll of the stones - Brian Caswell 1.

Alex Jackson (Grommet; SWA) – Pat Flynn

Wizard of Earthsea - Ursula Le Guin 1.

Alex Rider series - Anthony Horowitz

Master of the grove - Victor Kelleher 1.

Contest - Matthew Reilly

Redwall - Brian Jacques 1.

Tomorrow when the war began – John Marsden

Space demons - G. Rubinstein 2.

Deadly Unna? - Phillip Gwynne

Deltora Quest - Emily Rodda 2.

Hatchet - Gary Paulsen

Mrs Frisby & the rats of Nimh – R.O'Brien 2.

Mortal Engines - Philip Reeve

Don't pat the wombat - E. Honey 2.

Blackwater - Eve Bunting

Toad rage - Morris Gleitzman 2.

Ghost Byte - John Larkin

Hatchet – Gary Paulsen 2.

Lockie Leonard Human Torpedo - Tim Winton

Specky Magee – Felice Arena & G. Lyon 3.

Black Hawk Down - Mark Bowden *

Diary of a killer cat – Anne Fine 3.

Airframe - Michael Crichton *

Driving a bargain - Fleur Beale 3.

Sophie's world - Jostein Gaarder *

Matilda - Roald Dahl 3.

Across the nightingale floor – Lian Hearn

The twits - Roald Dahl 4.

Curious incident of the dog in the nighttime

Tashi and the giants – A. Fienberg 4.

- Mark Haddon *

Victor's Quest - Pamela Freeman 4.

 

Fort Island: David Metzenthen 4.

 

Goblin in the bush – Victor Kelleher 4.

 

1.        = confident readers  2. =  developing readers
3. = reluctant readers 4. = newly independent

Quotes about Literature
Library and literary quotes (ASLA NSW)
Famous library and librarian quotes and quotations
Quotations about libraries (The Quote Garden)
Library quotes
ALA Quotable quotes about libraries


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